To read the texts click on the texts:2 Peter 3:11-15,17-18; Mk 12:13-17
The Pharisees theoretically accepted
the position of the Zealots who refused to admit the subjection of God’s people
to a foreign power but they would not use force.
The question of the Pharisees
and Herodians is asked to trap Jesus and so the praise of Jesus is ironic and
implies that Jesus is being asked to decide the question because his
impartiality mirrors that of God. They think they can trap Jesus because if he
said yes or No, he was bound to alienate one group or another. If he
supported the payment, he would make himself unpopular with the people and if
he said No, he would be politically suspect to the Roman authorities. The tax
was to be paid in Roman coinage and instead of answering the question, Jesus
first calls for the denarius. The denarius would bear a portrait of the emperor
Tiberius (14 -37 C.E.). Jesus forces them to look at the coin which would have
been offensive to them, because having the Emperor’s portrait on the coin
violated Jewish rules of making images and worshipping idols. As soon as they
identify the head on the coin, Jesus points to them what they already say,
namely that the coin since it bears Caesar’s head belongs to Caesar.
Jesus rejects the position of the
Zealots without accepting that of the Herodians who would be willing to pay the
tax.
By adding “and to God the things that
are God’s.” Jesus turns the pronouncement of paying taxes into a spiritual
challenge to meet ones obligations to God as conscientiously as one meets the
obligations of the state.
How often we too are so conscientious in fulfilling
our state duties because we are afraid of being caught, but are lax with God.
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