To read the texts click on the texts: Isa1:10, 16-20; Mt 23:1-12
Jesus here addresses the people and his disciples and speaks of the
hypocrisy of the scribes and Pharisees. Scribes were a professional class with
formal training. They were schooled in the tradition and its application to
current issues. Pharisees were a group within Judaism defined by strictly
religious rules, composed mostly of laypersons without formal theological
training. Some scribes were also Pharisees, but few Pharisees were
scribes. Moses’ seat is a metaphorical
expression representing the teaching and administrative authority of the
synagogue leadership, scribes and Pharisees. Jesus condemns only the practice
of the scribes and Pharisees and not their teaching. The Matthean Jesus makes
three points about the hypocrisy of the scribes and Pharisees. The first is
that “they say but do not do”, which
means that there was no consonance between their words and actions. They did
not act on their words. The
second is that “they burden while
failing to act themselves” which means that they lay law upon law upon the
people and make life so much more complicated than it really is, and the
third is that “they act for the wrong
reasons: to make an impression on others”. This they did by wearing
broader phylacteries. “Phylacteries” is the term Matthew uses for the
“tephillin”, which were small leather boxes containing portions of the Torah
(Exod 13:1-16; Deut 6:4-9; 11:13-32) strapped to the forehead and arm during
the recitation of prayers in literal obedience to Deut 6:8. The “tassels” were
attached to the prayer shawls, and the most important seats in the synagogue
refer to the place of honour at the front facing the congregation, occupied by
teachers and respected leaders. The term “Rabbi” was a title of honour. The
Scribes and Pharisees wanted to be noticed, commended and honoured more than to
pray.
In contrast the disciples of Jesus ought not to go
for external titles and especially those which heighten distinction since they
were brothers and sisters and there was to be no greater and smaller among
them. They were to be one in God who alone is father. Authority and leadership
were to be expressed in selfless service.
It is easy to say, but difficult to do, it is easy
to preach but difficult to practice. There must be a correlation between our
words and our actions. The way to ensure that there is a correlation between
the two is to first do and then say, or better to let people hear not what we
say but what we do. This doing, if it is to be regarded as a genuine work of
love must be done not to earn titles or the approval or commendation but
because one is a disciple of Jesus who has shown through his life and actions
what true leadership means.
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