To read the texts click on the texts:Tobit 2:9-14; Mk 12:13-17
The Pharisees theoretically
accepted the position of the Zealots who refused to admit the subjection of
God’s people to a foreign power but they would not use force. The question of
the Pharisees and Herodians is asked to trap Jesus and so the praise of Jesus
is ironic and implies that Jesus is being asked to decide the question because
his impartiality mirrors that of God. They think they can trap Jesus because if
he said yes or No, he was bound to alienate one group or another. If he
supported the payment, he would make himself unpopular with the people and if
he said No, he would be politically suspect to the Roman authorities. The tax
was to be paid in Roman coinage and instead of answering the question, Jesus
first calls for the denarius. The denarius would bear a portrait of the emperor
Tiberius (14 - 37 C.E.). Jesus forces them to look at the coin which would have
been offensive to them, because having the Emperor’s portrait on the coin
violated Jewish rules of making images and worshipping idols. As soon as they
identify the head on the coin, Jesus points to them what they already say,
namely that the coin since it bears Caesar’s head belongs to Caesar.
Jesus rejects the position of
the Zealots without accepting that of the Herodians who would be willing to pay
the tax.
By adding “and to God the
things that are God’s.” Jesus turns the pronouncement of paying taxes into a
spiritual challenge to meet ones obligations to God as conscientiously as one
meets the obligations of the state.
How often we too are so
conscientious in fulfilling our state duties because we are afraid of being
caught, but are lax with God.
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